Does Nuclear Deterrence Work In Preventing Conflict Politics Essay

Does Nuclear Deterrence Work In Preventing Conflict Politics Essay In the post world war II era there have been fewer wars (and no third world war since the second world war took place just 20 years after the first), today countries engage in dialogues in order to solve problems rather than blindly declaring war against each other. After the explosion of the first nuclear bomb by the US on Japan in Nagasaki and Hiroshima the world saw the destruction the bomb caused killing over 200,000 people in the two cities and the people who were affected by the bomb died because of radiation and the future generations were deformed at birth. The explosion of the bomb scared the world of the consequences of the bomb, no one not even the pilot of the plane carrying the bomb had any idea what would happen once he drops the bomb. He later wrote a book about the time during WWII, when the bombs exploded and he regretted the fact that he carried out the operation. The Nuclear deterrence theory is when a country which possesses a nuclear arsenal threatens its enemy nation (also a nuclear armed country) that it will retaliate if attacked. This theory is a strategy which is used to avoid armed conflicts between the countries. Examples of this is during the cold war (when this strategy was first adopted on a nuclear level) both the United States and the USSR used this strategy however this never resulted in the use of nuclear weapons. Another (recent) example of this is India and Pakistan (in 2001 the President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf had threatened India that it could use its nuclear weapons in case India attacks Pakistan) these countries use this strategy against one another . but both countries have never engaged in a nuclear war against one another. The total number of countries with nuclear weapons has increased to 7 the United States, Britain, Russia, China, France, India , Pakistan. However Israel has neither accepted nor denied the fact that they possess nuclear weapons although many analysts believe that they do. After 1945 the nuclear bomb has never been used again against a country. China built its nuclear arsenal in order to become a regional power and India built its weapon in order to threaten its enemy Pakistan. Pakistan also built its weapon in its defence, fearing a possible nuclear attack from the neighbouring India. It has been claimed that Israel has built a nuclear arsenal in order to defeat the threat of the Arab nations like Iran and Egypt whose President Nasser had threatened to attack the country at that time. Ever since the countries have built their weapons, there has been no serious war since each nuclear armed country fears that if they attack the enemy country, they will also suffer so, to some extent the possession of nuclear weapons has prevented a major war against the countries. However there has been nuclear standoffs between countries like India and Pakistan in the late 1990s and early 2000s. It is also said that both the countries had detonated their nuclear missil es ready to be fired. Today people also fear that the nuclear weapons may fall into the wrong hands example terrorist groups that could use the weapons for their personal gain and bomb their enemy countries this could lead to a conventional nuclear war that could harm the countries and lead to the deaths of millions or even billions of people. Israel has a reason to build a nuclear weapon since it is surrounded by enemy territory. Ever since the neighbouring countries have become aware of the fact that Israel has become a nuclear power, there has been no major or direct war by countries like Egypt and iran who always threaten to attack Israel. Also during the cold war period, there was no direct war against the USSR and the usa except for the mujahedeen war during the late 1970s to the 1980s. Even then the USSR refrained from using their nuclear weapons against Pakistan and the usa fearing retaliation from the USA. These are instances that have proved that nuclear deterrence has prevented nuclear conflict against countries. . This theory encourages proliferation since once a country possesses a nuclear weapon, they will always try and improve their weapons(in order to feel safe) and make duplicates, examples of this is both Pakistan and India who have conducted multiple tests of their missiles trying to improve their current models. Also countries like the US and Russia build missiles that could counter nuclear attacks. I fear for the future of the world today, the 6 billion people living on this earth today, if countries shed their nuclear weapons then the world will be a safe place again. I fear that this is not going to happen I fear that if a third world war breaks out, it will lead to the destruction of our planet resulting in over a billion deaths and the future generations of those affected to be deformed due to the radiation( all it needs is a spark that can be caused by an accidental activation of the nuclear weapon by a particular country and the country affected would retaliate leading to a nuclear war or if the leader of a nation possessing the weapon makes an irrational move by attacking its enemy would also lead to a nuclear war ). It could take us back to the Stone Age and destroy our civilization the reason being, over a thousand nuclear missiles would be detonated all around the world leading to destruction of land, loss of human life. Also the long term effects could also be deadly resulting in a change of the climate because of hyper global warming, food shortage due to destruction to agricultural land causing it to be infertile in fact poisonous. Therefore what needs to be done is that all the nuclear armed countries should decide before it is too late and regret like Albert Einstein ( who encouraged the then American President Roosevelt to develop the atomic bomb before Germany succeeds in creating the atomic bomb) the consequences of the nuclear bomb, therefore all the countries should take this problem seriously and should avoid ignoring it by eliminating and dismantling all their nuclear weapons and make the world a nuclear free , a safe world once again!

Lord Of The Flies- How Does Jack Become Leader? Essay

From the beginning of the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, it is immediately obvious that Jack does not like the idea of Ralph being the chief of the boys.By the end of the book he successfully acquires the position he works towards. The idea of Jack being a leader is first portrayed by Jack ordering his choir in â€Å"army† type maneuvers to the first meeting . Jack bellows at his choir , â€Å"Choir!’ stand still!† his choir wearily responds obediently. Jacks first priority to secure his position as chief is to shut down Piggy , who is the man with the ideas in Ralph’s democratic rule. From the beginning Jack cunningly uses the fact that piggy is the â€Å"scapegoat† to constantly break down Piggy’s ideas with the view that once Piggy’s gone, then Ralph has little intelligence to support his views. He is helped greatly in this field as most of the tribe use piggy to make fun of but not in the same extremity as that of Jack. Psychologically is the way that Jack begins his torment towards piggy and as the book progresses so did his level of control. His demeaning words turn towards violence and his violence eventually leads to Piggy’s death. Jack understands that in order to persuade the children to side with him he would need some sort of a bait. Due to the condition on the island the most appropriate inducement is the lure of hunting. However any other form of pleasure could have been used so long as it appeared to be free from tyranny (Ralph’s orders to be rescued). The hunting starts off for enjoyment and food then quickly grows to be a tribal ritual of bloodlust , dancing and violence. Jack knows in order to become chief he not only can rely on the lure of hunting.He uses cunning and manipulative strategies to illustrate a false image of himself praying on the innocence of the â€Å"littluns’. Perhaps the greatest instance in which this occurs is when jack gives a manipulative apology after not following orders to keep the fire lit resulting in not being rescued by a passing ship.†All right, all right!’ he looked at Piggy , at the hunters, at Ralph. â€Å"I’m sorry. About the fire, I  mean. There. I-† He drew himself up. â€Å"-I apologize.† Once again his sinister apology targeted at the innocence of the younger members, concluded in the naà ¯ve â€Å"littluns† believing that Ralph was somehow in the wrong and not jack. â€Å"Clearly they were of the opinion that jack had done the decent thing, had put himself in the right by his generous apology and Ralph, obscurely in the wrong.† Possibly the most powerful campaign Jack used to become chief, was to use force and fear together to drive the intimidated children to side with him. Most of the time Jack displays his force on Piggy which in turn puts fear into the minds of the others. As the break up of rules and regulations in the society grow larger so to does the force and fear eventually leading to the death of children. By this stage in the novel it seems inedible that anyone not with jack would be either forced to join his tribe of savages or face death. Reflecting on the novel it is clear to see how Jack becomes a leader and sure enough the power hungry dictator-leader of the choir we are introduced to at the start, only grows more violent and more manipulative to become the Chief of the island.

Organic Foods Are They Safer More Nutritious Essay

The articles â€Å"Organic foods: Are they safer? More nutritious?†, by the Mayo Clinic Staff and â€Å"Is organic better for your health? A look at milk, meat, eggs, produce and fish†, by Tamer Haspel, delve into whether or not the products produced by organic farming are more nutritious and or safer than those produced by conventional farming. Organic foods are no longer only found in health food stores; they have become a mainstay in our supermarkets. Today’s consumers are faced with the decision of whether or not it is worth the cost to buy organic. To determine the answer to this question one will need to determine if it has been scientifically determined that consumption organic food products are more beneficial to one’s health. In order for farmers to label their products as USDA Organic they must adhere to the strict standards outlined in the organic certification program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The article, â€Å"Organic foods: Are they safer? More nutritious?† explains that these standards include how food is â€Å"grown, handled and processed†. Rather then using pesticides, organic farmers use methods such as beneficial insects and microorganisms and special disease resistant crop selection to protect their crops. They may use crop rotation and mulch to manage weeds. They do not use or include food additives, fortifying agents or preservatives in their products. This same article reports that a review of fifty years of scientific articles revealed thatShow MoreRelatedOrganic Food - Is It Worth Its Price?1418 Words   |  6 PagesIs Organic Food Worth Its Price? Organic farming began in the late 1940’s in the United States, and in recent years it has seen a dramatic increase in popularity (Rubin 1). The sales of organic food have been increasing by about 20 percent a year over the past decade (Marcus 1). That is over ten times the rate of their conventional counterparts (Harris 1). There are 10 million consumers of organic food in the United States, yet organic food represents only one percent of the nation’s food supplyRead MoreEveryone Should Buy Organic Food.1228 Words   |  5 PagesPERSUASIVE SPPECH PREPARATION OUTLINE Title: | Everyone should buy organic food | General purpose: | To persuade | Specific purpose: | To persuade my audience to buy organic food | Central idea: | Organic food is the best food for consumers instead of conventional food | Organizational pattern: | Problem, problem, problem | I. INTRODUCTION | A. Open with impact/ Attention getter: | Let’s imagine. One day you are in a supermarket and you decided to buy vegetables. Well, they are allRead MoreOrganic Farming : The Effect Of The Great Depression1579 Words   |  7 Pages Essay 3 Organic farming began just as the effects of the Great Depression waned in the United States, and has seen a dramatic increase in popularity most recently (AG). The sales of organic food increased by about twenty percent a year throughout the nineteen nineties (Marcus). That is over ten times the rate of increase that conventional food experienced during the same period of time (Harris). As recently as twenty eleven, about seventy-eight percent of American families admitted to routinelyRead MoreA Critique On Locavorism. Locavorism1422 Words   |  6 Pagesthe idea that food grown in close proximity to where one consumes it is not only more nutritious and better tasting, but also more environmentally responsible than mass produced food – seems to be igniting a food revolution in America (The Week Staff). The movement has gained momentum across America as the number of farmers markets has increased fivefold since 1994 (The Week Staff). Locavores, those who champion the loca vorism movement boast that buying and eating food locally is more environmentallyRead MoreAnother disease, which is linked to the unhealthy nonorganic diets, is high cholesterol. There are700 Words   |  3 PagesHowever, due to nonorganic foods as explained before being 25% less nutritious, the amount that needs to be eaten to help prevent it, need to be increased which leads to an unhealthy diet. With an organic food diet, less food can give more benefits leading to a healthier life avoiding high cholesterol. Doing so the cost of having to actually buy less food for more nutritious value and the cost of avoiding healthcare costs included with high cholesterol, again an organic food diet outweighs the costRead MoreOrganic Farming: Organic Food Benefits Essay1039 Words   |  5 PagesOrganic Food Benefits With the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle being abundantly clear, healthy food choices are now in the spotlight. The demand for organic foods among U.S. consumers is on the rise due to the assumption that it is a healthier and safer food choice. As a consequence of staggering amounts of greenwashing thrust upon consumers today, labels and claims of health benefits have become overwhelming and confusing. Buyers must seek the facts for nutrition and safety informationRead MoreAdvantage Of Organic Food776 Words   |  4 Pagesconsuming organic food, far outweigh the important matters. Organic food precedes a healthful life, in the long term it works in favor of a persons health in general. It also creates more jobs by producing organic food. Animals are organically fed and live in a more acceptable habitat. In recent studies, researchers found that with the significance of living a healthy lifestyle being profusely clear, healthy food alternatives are actually within the public attention. The high demand for organic foodRead MoreOrganic Food Industry And Marketing Strategies1110 Words   |  5 Pagesfifteen years, organic food industries and companies have grown up tremendously around for its production and marketing strategies. According to the Organic Trade Association’s 2016 Industry Survey, the total organic products sales in 2015 have increased 11% percent from the previous year’s record level hitting a new benchmark of $43.3 billion, and conventional food products accounted for $3.6 billion. The industry saw its largest annual of all the food sold in the U.S in 2015 was organic was Near toRead MoreThe Organic Of Organic Foods Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pageshave been spoilt with countless options of produce. Shopping in supermarkets, consumers will find many stacks of foods labeled â€Å"Organic†. These foods has opened up more opportunity for both the seller and the consumer, showing to be the highest emerging sectors of the food industry in the past century, as another substitute to conventional foods that is seen in the supermarket. Organic foods, has been shown to be the goods of a farming system which avoids the exploitation of synthetic pesticides, fertilizersRead More Organic Foods: They Are Only Natural! Essay examples1117 Words   |  5 Pages When going to the grocery store or supermarket, people have a one track mind. Their one and only concern is food, food, and more food. Most shoppers come prepared with a list, so they can get in, get the supplies they need, and go happily on their way. Some shoppers tend to pick out brand name or well advertised products. Others prefer the brands they grew up with as kids. However, many choose the money saving route and buy only the items that are on sale or the cheap knock-offs of the original

Impact of Microfinance awareness in Kenya - 12633 Words

MICROFINANCE AWARENESS AND IMPACT IN KENYA: A CASE OF NAIROBI COUNTY Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The need for development that saw the Kenya develop several strategies and plans such as the vision 2030 and the millennium development goals has led to development of the finance sector. The need for financing of the development projects has developed microfinance institutions in the country. Microfinance has received a lot of attention since its inception in the early 1970s perhaps, as argued by Okiocredit (2005: 30-32), due to the ability of microfinance to enable poverty alleviation and economic development through provision of credit and savings services to those earning low†¦show more content†¦They are therefore able to access subsequent loans depending on successful repayment by all group members. These payments are usually made after a specific period of time, usually one week (Ledgerwood, 1999: 137). This model of micro financing is the most commonly used by banks. It has proven to be more effective in the long run as there are few loan defaulters as each member of the group is a guarantor of the other. Berenbach and Guzman (1994: 119-139) argues that, solidarity groups have proved effective in deterring defaults as evidenced by loan repayment rates attained by organizations. Village banking model are based on village banks which are normally community-managed. The banks are established and managed by credit and savings associations established by NGOs to provide access to financial services, build community self-help groups, and help members accumulate savings (Schreiner, 2003: 118–136). This is perhaps the oldest model of micro financing, considering their formation in the mid-1980s. Usually these village banks normally consist of 25 to 50 members who majorly low-income earning individuals are seeking to improve their lives through self-employment activities. 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This is true in countries like India where there is a